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Sodium pyrophosphate (Disodium pyrophosphate), a food additive, is an inorganic compound. Sodium pyrophosphate has potential hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects .
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate can be as a buffering agent, a chelator and a hydrated salt nucleating agent. Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate can also be used to a raw material for synthetic laundry scent additives .
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is the common precursor of diterpenoids, for example, Paclitaxel. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate can be used for cancer research .
Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is the common precursor of diterpenoids, for example, Paclitaxel. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium can be used for cancer research .
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a key branch substrate for cholesterol synthesis, ubiquinones synthesis, protein farnesylation decoration, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis .
Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .
Farnesyl Pyrophosphate ammonium salt, a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, and activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx. Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt is a key branch substrate for cholesterol synthesis, ubiquinones synthesis, protein farnesylation decoration, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis .
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) pentasodium is an important metabolite required in the biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, the amino acids histidine and tryptophan, and the cofactors NAD and NADP .
Bis(tetrabutylammonium) Dihydrogen Pyrophosphate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
DMAPP (Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate) is an isoprenoid precursor. DMAPP, as an isomer of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), exists in virtually all life forms .
Geranyl diphosphate is a key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway (IBP). HY-114295 plays key roles in cellular metabolism and is responsible for the production of both sterol and non-sterol isoprenoids .
Geranyl diphosphate triammonium is a key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway (IBP). Geranyl diphosphate triammonium plays key roles in cellular metabolism and is responsible for the production of both sterol and non-sterol isoprenoids .
NE 10790, a poor farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitor, is a phosphonocarboxylate analogue of the potent bisphosphonate risedronate and is a weak antiresorptive agent.
DMAPP (Dimethylallyl diphosphate) triammonium is an isoprenoid precursor. DMAPP triammonium, as an isomer of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), exists in virtually all life forms .
Clovibactin is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Bacitracin Zinc (Zinc bacitracin) is a dephosphorylation of the C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate interference for inhibition of cleavage of Tyr from Met-enkephalin with IC50 of 10 μM.
NAD+- 13C5-1 is the 13C labeled NAD+[1]. NAD+ is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.
Pyruvate Oxidase, Microorganisms (PoxB) is a thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent oxidase that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl phosphate, carbon dioxide and water. Pyruvate oxidase is an important enzyme in bacterial metabolism and is often used in biochemical research .
NAD+-d4 is the deuterium-labeled NAD+ (HY-B0445). NAD+-d4 is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.
Clovibactin TFA is the TFA salt form of Clovibactin (HY-P10027). Clovibactin TFA is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Phytic acid sodium salt (myo-Inositol; hexakis dihydrogen phosphate; Inositol hexaphosphat) is often present in legume seeds with antinutritional effects. Phytic acid sodium salt is a [PO4] 3- storage depot and precursor for other inositol phosphates and pyrophosphates. phytic acid is hydrolyzed by phytases in a stepwise manner in the plant .
Inorganic pyrophosphatase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PPase) converts pyrophosphate (PPi) to phosphate. Inorganic pyrophosphatase is an essential component of in vitro transcription reactions for RNA preparation, is often used in biochemical studies. Inorganic pyrophosphatase is critical for driving cellular processes such as nucleic acid and protein synthesis .
HDMAPP triammonium is a potent phosphoantigen in the ammonium form and the pyrophosphate form of (E)-HDMAPP. HDMAPP is also a potent activator of γδ T cells and can induce T cell stimulation in vitro (EC50=0.39 nM, TNF-α) .
Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic against staphylococcal and pathogenic protozoa infections. Bacitracin inhibits cell wall biosynthesis and permeability through binding to the undecaprenyl pyrophosphate. Bacitracin inhibits macromolecular synthesis. Bacitracin is also a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitor .
JH-LPH-28, a sulfonyl piperazine analog, is a potent UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine pyrophosphate hydrolase LpxH inhibitor. JH-LPH-28 displays outstanding antibiotic activity with a MIC value of 0.83 μg/mL .
JH-LPH-33, a sulfonyl piperazine analog, is a potent UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine pyrophosphate hydrolase LpxH inhibitor. JH-LPH-33 displays outstanding antibiotic activity with a MIC value of 0.66 μg/mL .
LpxH-IN-AZ1, a sulfonyl piperazine compound, is a potent UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine pyrophosphate hydrolase LpxH inhibitor. LpxH-IN-AZ1 is a potent inhibitor of Klebsiella pneumoniae LpxH with IC50 of 0.36 μM .
Bacitracin (Zinc) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bacitracin (Zinc). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bacitracin Zinc (Zinc bacitracin) is a dephosphorylated product of C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate and inhibits Tyr cleavage from Met-enkephalin with an IC50 of 10 μM.
UNC7467 is a potent IP6K inhibitor with values of 4.9, 8.9 and 1320 nM for IP6K2, IP6K1 and IP6K6, respectively. UNC7467 reduces levels of inositol pyrophosphates. UNC7467 can be used for obesity research .
UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (BlUSP) is the enzyme capable of activating glucose-1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) to UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc). UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (BlUSP) catalyzes a reversible transfer of the uridyl group from UTP to sugar-1-phosphate, producing UDP-sugar and pyrophosphate (PPi) .
SBI-797812 is an orally active nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) activator. SBI-797812 shifts NAMPT to NMN formation, increases NAMPT affinity for ATP, stabilizes phosphorylated NAMPT, promotes consumption of the pyrophosphate by-product, and blunts feedback inhibition by NAD +. SBI-797812 increases intracellular nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and elevates liver NAD + in mice .
hGGPPS-IN-2 (Compound 16g) is a potent inhibitor of the human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (hGGPPS). hGGPPS-IN-2 is an analogue of C-2-substituted thienopyrimidine-based bisphosphonates (C2-ThP-BPs). hGGPPS-IN-2 induces target-selective apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and exhibits antimyeloma activity in vivo .
hGGPPS-IN-3 (Compound 13h) is a potent inhibitor of the human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (hGGPPS). hGGPPS-IN-3 is an analogue of C-2-substituted thienopyrimidine-based bisphosphonates (C2-ThP-BPs). hGGPPS-IN-3 induces target-selective apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and exhibits antimyeloma activity in vivo .
hGGPPS-IN-1 (Compound 18b) is a potent inhibitor of the human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (hGGPPS). hGGPPS-IN-1 is an analogue of C-2-substituted thienopyrimidine-based bisphosphonates (C2-ThP-BPs). hGGPPS-IN-1 induces target-selective apoptosis of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and exhibits antimyeloma activity in vivo .
Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is a pyrimidine nucleotide. Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is synthesized via the de novo synthesis pathway for DNA synthesis in a large number of microorganisms including M. tuberculosis, S. cerevisiae, S. typhimurium and P. falciparum to name a few. The synthesis of orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium uses phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) and orotic acid (OA) as the substrates catalyzed by orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) .
Enpp-1-IN-6 is a potent inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 1 (enpp-1). The ENPP 1 has broad specificity and can cleave a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Enpp-1-IN-6 has the potential for the research of cancer and infectious diseases (extracted from patent WO2021203772A1, compound 51) .
Enpp-1-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 1 (enpp-1). The ENPP 1 has broad specificity and can cleave a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Enpp-1-IN-7 has the potential for the research of cancer and infectious diseases (extracted from patent WO2021203772A1, compound 51) .
Enpp-1-IN-8 is a potent inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 1 (enpp-1). The ENPP 1 has broad specificity and can cleave a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Enpp-1-IN-8 has the potential for the research of cancer and infectious diseases (extracted from patent WO2021203772A1, compound 51) .
Enpp-1-IN-9 is a potent inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 1 (enpp-1). The ENPP 1 has broad specificity and can cleave a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Enpp-1-IN-9 has the potential for the research of cancer and infectious diseases (extracted from patent WO2021203772A1, compound 51) .
Enpp-1-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 1 (enpp-1). The ENPP 1 has broad specificity and can cleave a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Enpp-1-IN-5 has the potential for the research of cancer and infectious diseases (extracted from patent WO2019046778A1/WO2021203772A1, compound 1) .
Enpp-1-IN-16 (compound 54) is an ENPP1 inhibitor. Enpp-1-IN-16 has the potential to study cancer, especially in cases of high ENPP1 expression or elevated cytoplasmic DNA levels. Enpp-1-IN-16 can also be used in other diseases mediated by ENPP1, such as bacterial or viral infections, insulin resistance and type II diabetes, chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disorder (CPPD), low Phosphatase disease and soft tissue calcification disorders .
Sodium pyrophosphate (Disodium pyrophosphate), a food additive, is an inorganic compound. Sodium pyrophosphate has potential hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects .
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate can be as a buffering agent, a chelator and a hydrated salt nucleating agent. Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate can also be used to a raw material for synthetic laundry scent additives .
Bis(tetrabutylammonium) Dihydrogen Pyrophosphate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP1) is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (BlUSP) is the enzyme capable of activating glucose-1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) to UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc). UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (BlUSP) catalyzes a reversible transfer of the uridyl group from UTP to sugar-1-phosphate, producing UDP-sugar and pyrophosphate (PPi) .
GlcNAc 1-P uridyltransferase (PmGlmU) catalyzes high efficient synthesis of UDP-GlcNAc from GlcNAc-1-P and UTP. GlcNAc 1-P uridyltransferase (PmGlmU) is used to break down the pyrophosphate formed in the PmGlmU reaction to inorganic phosphate to shift the equilibrium of the coupled enzymatic reactions towards the formation of UDP-GlcNA .
Clovibactin TFA is the TFA salt form of Clovibactin (HY-P10027). Clovibactin TFA is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Pyrophosphate-fructose 6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP1) is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
Clovibactin is an antibiotic for drug-resistant bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance. Clovibactin TFA inihibits cell wall synthesis by targeting pyrophosphate of peptidoglycan precursors .
Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases .
Farnesyl Pyrophosphate ammonium salt, a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, and activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx. Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt is a key branch substrate for cholesterol synthesis, ubiquinones synthesis, protein farnesylation decoration, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis .
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate is the common precursor of diterpenoids, for example, Paclitaxel. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate can be used for cancer research .
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is the common precursor of diterpenoids, for example, Paclitaxel. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium can be used for cancer research .
Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx. Farnesyl pyrophosphate is a key branch substrate for cholesterol synthesis, ubiquinones synthesis, protein farnesylation decoration, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis .
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) pentasodium is an important metabolite required in the biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, the amino acids histidine and tryptophan, and the cofactors NAD and NADP .
DMAPP (Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate) is an isoprenoid precursor. DMAPP, as an isomer of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), exists in virtually all life forms .
Geranyl diphosphate is a key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway (IBP). HY-114295 plays key roles in cellular metabolism and is responsible for the production of both sterol and non-sterol isoprenoids .
Geranyl diphosphate triammonium is a key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway (IBP). Geranyl diphosphate triammonium plays key roles in cellular metabolism and is responsible for the production of both sterol and non-sterol isoprenoids .
Phytic acid sodium salt (myo-Inositol; hexakis dihydrogen phosphate; Inositol hexaphosphat) is often present in legume seeds with antinutritional effects. Phytic acid sodium salt is a [PO4] 3- storage depot and precursor for other inositol phosphates and pyrophosphates. phytic acid is hydrolyzed by phytases in a stepwise manner in the plant .
Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic against staphylococcal and pathogenic protozoa infections. Bacitracin inhibits cell wall biosynthesis and permeability through binding to the undecaprenyl pyrophosphate. Bacitracin inhibits macromolecular synthesis. Bacitracin is also a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitor .
Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is a pyrimidine nucleotide. Orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium is synthesized via the de novo synthesis pathway for DNA synthesis in a large number of microorganisms including M. tuberculosis, S. cerevisiae, S. typhimurium and P. falciparum to name a few. The synthesis of orotidine 5'-monophosphate trisodium uses phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) and orotic acid (OA) as the substrates catalyzed by orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) .
FDPS Protein, a key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis, catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). FPP is a precursor for essential metabolites like sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. It also serves as a substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. FDPS sequentially condenses isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and then with geranylpyrophosphate to produce farnesyl pyrophosphate. FDPS Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived FDPS protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of FDPS Protein, Human (His) is 353 a.a., with molecular weight of ~41 kDa.
FDPS proteins are key enzymes in isoprenoid biosynthesis and play a crucial role in the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). FPP is a precursor of essential metabolites involved in protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. FDPS Protein, Mouse (His) is the recombinant mouse-derived FDPS protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-His labeled tag. The total length of FDPS Protein, Mouse (His) is 353 a.a., with molecular weight of ~42.8 kDa.
SLC25A19, a pivotal mitochondrial transporter, facilitates thiamine diphosphate uptake into mitochondria. While the specifics of its antiporter activity regarding the influence of membrane potential or proton electrochemical gradient remain unclear, SLC25A19's role as a transporter underscores its importance in mitochondrial processes, particularly the transport of thiamine diphosphate, a vital coenzyme in various metabolic pathways. SLC25A19 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) is the recombinant human-derived SLC25A19 protein, expressed by E. coli Cell-free , with N-10*His labeled tag. The total length of SLC25A19 Protein, Human (Cell-Free, His) is 320 a.a., with molecular weight of 37.0 kDa.
The GGPS1 protein is responsible for catalyzing the trans-addition of three molecules of isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) to dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) to synthesize geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. This compound is an important precursor for the biosynthesis of carotenoids and geranylated proteins. GGPS1 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived GGPS1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of GGPS1 Protein, Human (His) is 300 a.a., with molecular weight of ~35.0 kDa.
PPA1 Protein, a crucial member of the PPase family, plays a significant role in cellular processes, particularly dephosphorylation related to phosphate metabolism. Sharing conserved features with related proteins, PPA1 is involved in phosphatase activities. Its classification within the PPase family emphasizes its unique enzymatic functions. Studying PPA1 contributes to understanding its role and potential therapeutic applications, providing insights into its broader impact on cellular processes. Further exploration promises to enhance knowledge of PPA1's contributions to both normal physiology and pathological conditions. PPA1 Protein, S. cerevisiae (His) is the recombinant human-derived PPA1 protein, expressed by E. coli, with tag free. The total length of PPA1 Protein, S. cerevisiae (His) is 287 a.a., with molecular weight of ~34.19 kDa.
The PRPS2 protein plays a key role in catalyzing the synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP), a key intermediate in nucleotide synthesis. By promoting the conversion of ribose 5-phosphate and ATP to PRPP, PRPS2 contributes to the availability of PRPP in various cellular processes, including de novo biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. PRPS2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived PRPS2 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-6*His labeled tag. The total length of PRPS2 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is 317 a.a., with molecular weight of ~37.0 kDa.
IDI2 protein plays a crucial role in catalyzing the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP), leading to the formation of its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). This enzymatic activity is a key step in the biosynthetic pathway, contributing to the generation of essential building blocks for various cellular processes. IDI2 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived IDI2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of IDI2 Protein, Human (His) is 227 a.a., with molecular weight of 28-31 kDa.
IDI2 protein plays a crucial role in catalyzing the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP), leading to the formation of its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). This enzymatic activity is a key step in the biosynthetic pathway, contributing to the generation of essential building blocks for various cellular processes. IDI2 Protein, Human (C-His) is the recombinant human-derived IDI2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-8*His labeled tag. The total length of IDI2 Protein, Human (C-His) is 225 a.a., with molecular weight of ~27 kDa.
The PRPS1 protein plays a crucial role in catalyzing the synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP), a key intermediate in nucleotide synthesis. By promoting the conversion of ribose 5-phosphate and ATP to PRPP, PRPS1 contributes to the availability of PRPP in various cellular processes, including de novo biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. PRPS1 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is the recombinant human-derived PRPS1 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-SUMO, N-6*His labeled tag. The total length of PRPS1 Protein, Human (His-SUMO) is 317 a.a., with molecular weight of 50.7 kDa.
NAD+- 13C5-1 is the 13C labeled NAD+[1]. NAD+ is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.
Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Thiamine pyrophosphate. Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.
NAD+-d4 is the deuterium-labeled NAD+ (HY-B0445). NAD+-d4 is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage.
